The state of Oregon is admired across
the nation for its livability, largely because the state has adopted the “Urban
Growth Boundary” initiative in 1977 to control urban growth. This has helped the Portland Metro area grow
in a responsible and prosperous manner.
After the 1977 initiative took effect requiring Oregon cities and
metropolitan areas to create urban growth boundaries for each city, Portland
and its surrounding cities knew they had to band together to make this work. As a result, in 1979 voters created an entity
we know today as Metro. This entity is
chartered to oversee the planning effort of the urban growth boundary. A year later the Conservation and Development
Commission approved the boundary as consistent with statewide planning
goals.
Metro didn’t stop there. By 1990 they had developed a policy called
the 2040 Growth Concept. This policy is
a fifty year plan for Portland Metro’s future.
It is designed to be a guide on how the urban growth boundary is managed
to stop urban sprawl, develop a transportation system that moves people and
goods throughout the area, and to preserve access to nature. Most importantly the plan was developed to
ensure the community characteristics stay intact for the citizens, and to
continue to develop the Portland Metro area.
Humbolt Gardens Neighborhood is a
perfect example of how the urban growth boundaries have affected Portland in a
positive way. This subdivision is
located in North Portland along North Vancouver St. between North Killingworth
St. and North Alberta St. The
Neighborhood used to be low income housing, but due to the Urban Growth
Boundaries developers have been encouraged to redevelop inner neighborhoods
like this one rather than waiting for more land to become available. The new development includes a mix of low and
middle income housing as well as a mixed use building with retail space on the
ground floor to help bring local businesses to the area. My Buddy, who has lived in the neighborhood
since 1990, says the new development has greatly reduced crime in his
neighborhood.
The implementation of the urban
growth boundary has made better use of taxpayers’ dollars in its effort to
reduce crime and add better public services.
The cost savings of emergency services has helped maintain the amount of
police and fire stations. If urban
sprawl was allowed we would have to spend money on building and maintaining Policeand fire stations for sprawling neighborhoods.
By not allowing urban sprawl we have stopped the creation of endless
mazes of roads that need to be maintained and policed by the city. Now we can concentrate dollars and police
manpower on existing neighborhoods.
The stop of sprawling neighborhoodshas also been helping maintain Portland’s home prices. Communities that have limited restrictions on
where homes can be built have ended up with a large excess of houses for sale. This extra inventory has driven down the
price in many of those cities. According
to an article Home Prices by Metro Are
published by MSN Money Staff, the housing prices fell in the Portland Vancouver Metro area by 5.2 percent
compared to California Merced Metro area which fell by 49.5 percent in
2008. Much of California was hard hit
with an average drop in home price of 23.25 percent. There is no doubt that if they would have
established an urban growth boundary sooner they would be in much better shape
today. California waited until 1996 to adopt
such a policy and only a handful of cities did, with the rest slowly to follow.
Whenever I think of California I
think of large amounts of traffic and smog.
Development of transportation plays a key role in sustaining a cities
way of life. Portland is well known for
its attention to public transportation planning and bike friendly streets. To stay compliant with the state’s urban
growth policies, Metro planners developed the 2035 Regional Transportation
Plan. This plan is a model to sustain
the livability of the Portland Metro area and helps plan the region’s
transportation goals from now to the year 2035.
An example of this plan is the new Max line from the Gateway Center to
the Clackamas mall, which is schedule to open this fall. City planners hope this will reduce the
amount of traffic on 82nd avenue and I-205, and bring more economic
prosperity to the I-205 corridor by creating better access between the
Clackamas town center and NE Portland’s Gateway district.
Metro has other practices that addeconomic prosperity to the Portland area.
The 2040 plan has a provision to help economic prosperity by allowing
the growth boundary to be expanded to create jobs. Metro has moved the urban growth boundary
about three dozen times since its creation to help economic prosperity. One of the largest was in 1998 when metro
expanded the boundary to allow 3,500 acres for approximately 23,000 houses and
14,000 jobs. Another notable expansion
was in 1999 where another 380 acres where added for a concept called “Sub Regional
Need.” This was done to balance the number
of Homes to Jobs available. Most
recently was in 2005, Metro added 345 acres of land for industrial purposes.
There is no doubt that Metro will continue
to make adjustments to the Urban Growth Concept as we continue to make Portland
Metro the best livable area in the nation.
There have been some tough initiatives on the ballot in recent
years. So the next time you see an
initiative on the ballot regarding land use, do a little research before
casting your vote. You may not think
that it will affect you, but directly or in an indirect way, it will. I’m sure you don’t want to be stuck in
traffic, breathing smog on the way to a job interview wondering how you are
going to make your next mortgage payment on a house that is worth less than you
are paying for it now, and with no chance of selling it because it is in a
crime ridden neighborhood. Or do you?